Numerous　studies　have　discussed　the　connection　between　social　exclusion　and　prosocial　behaviour,　yet　the　conclusions　have　been　inconsistent.　We　conducted　a　three-level　meta-analysis　on　83　effect　sizes　derived　from　53　studies　(N　=　21,405).　Overall,　a　significant　yet　weak　negative　correlation　was　found　between　social　exclusion　and　prosocial　behaviour　(r　=　−.10,　95%　CI　[−0.17,　−0.04]).　Moderator　analysis　revealed　that　individuals　in　collectivistic　cultures　may　exhibit　higher　levels　of　prosocial　behaviour　following　exclusion　compared　to　those　in　individualistic　cultures.　The　female　proportion　positively　influenced　the　overall　effect　size.　The　type　of　prosocial　behaviour　was　marginally　significant,　in　that　‘other’　prosocial　behaviour　yielded　the　largest　effect　sizes.　However,　effects　did　not　differ　across　age　groups,　between　the　inclusion　condition　and　the　neutral　condition,　or　between　experimental　research　and　correlational　research.　Our　results　underscore　the　crucial　roles　of　culture　and　gender　in　the　relationship　between　social　exclusion　and　prosocial　behaviour.　©　2025　British　Psychological　Society.