Designing　multifunctional　composites　with　high　flame　retardancy　and　excellent　electromagnetic　shielding　performance　is　of　significant　importance.　In　order　to　address　the　poor　flame　retardant　and　electromagnetic　shielding　performances　of　thermoplastic　polyurethane　(TPU)　composites,　in　this　work,　the　γ-propyl-trimethoxysilane　(KH550)　functionalized　silicon　microencapsulated　ammonium　polyphosphate　(SiAPP-NH2)　was　synthesized　using　interface　modulation　technology.　Then,　SiAPP-NH2　was　combined　with　a　copper　metal–organic　framework　(MOF-Cu)　through　microencapsulation　and　electrostatic　self-assembly　techniques　to　prepare　microencapsulated　flame　retardants　(SiAPP-NH2@MOF-Cu).　Subsequently,　TPU　composites　were　prepared　through　melt　blending　of　SiAPP-NH2@MOF-Cu　with　TPU　material.　The　results　showed　that　the　interface　interaction　between　SiAPP-NH2@MOF-Cu　and　the　TPU　matrix　was　significantly　enhanced.　Compared　to　pure　TPU,　TPU/5SAN@1MC　composite　exhibited　decreases　of　78.7%,　51.3%,　59.3%,　and　58.7%　in　peak　heat　release　rate,　total　heat　release,　total　smoke　release,　and　total　carbon　dioxide　release,　respectively.　In　addition,　TPU/1SAN@1MC/rGO　composite　achieved　an　average　shielding　effectiveness　of　13.82　dB　in　the　X-band,　enabling　its　broad　commercial　application.　This　study　offers　a　promising　strategy　for　the　fabrication　of　TPU　composites　with　good　flame　retardant　and　electromagnetic　shielding　properties.　©　2025　Wiley　Periodicals　LLC.