Current　practices　for　estimating　postearthquake　functionality　of　a　bridge　typically　rely　on　assessing　the　physical　damage　and　are　often　determined　based　on　empirical　engineering　judgements.　This　approach　can　introduce　significant　variability　in　functionality　estimates,　further　reducing　the　confidence　level　in　probabilistic　resilience　assessment　used　for　decision-making.　To　address　this　issue,　this　study　develops　a　physics-enhanced　probabilistic　seismic　resilience　framework　for　bridges.　In　this　framework,　postevent　functionality　is　physically　evaluated　by　quantifying　the　loss　of　vertical　load-carrying　capacity　(VLCC)　using　incremental　dynamic　analysis　followed　by　pushdown　analysis.　A　novel　concept　named　VLCC-based　functionality　fragility　curve　(VLCC-FFC)　is　proposed.　The　VLCC-FFC　represents　the　probability　that　the　loss　of　VLCC　will　exceed　a　specific　functionality　state　(FS,　defined　based　on　the　level　of　VLCC　loss)　at　a　given　seismic　intensity　measure.　Furthermore,　joint　probability　density　functions　(JPDFs)　of　VLCC　loss　and　physical　damage　measures　(e.g.,　residual　drift　ratio　of　a　column)　are　developed　for　each　FS　to　facilitate　the　probabilistic　assessment　of　postevent　residual　functionality　and　the　corresponding　recovery　process.　The　proposed　framework　is　demonstrated　through　a　case　study　of　pile-shaft-supported　girder　bridges　subjected　to　earthquakes　and　liquefaction-induced　transverse　spreading.　The　developed　JPDFs　for　VLCC　loss　and　residual　drift　ratio　are　available　for　implementation　at　.