Propane　dehydrogenation　(PDH)　is　a　vital　industrial　process　for　producing　propene,　utilizing　primarily　Cr-based　or　Pt-based　catalysts.　These　catalysts　often　suffer　from　challenges　such　as　the　toxicity　of　Cr,　the　high　costs　of　noble　metals　like　Pt,　and　deactivation　issues　due　to　sintering　or　coke　formation　at　elevated　temperatures.　We　introduce　an　exceptional　Ru-based　catalyst,　Ru　nanoparticles　anchored　on　a　nitrogen-　doped　carbon　matrix　(Ru@NC),　which　achieves　a　propane　conversion　rate　of　32.2　%　and　a　propene　selectivity　of　93.1　%　at　550　degrees　C,　with　minimal　coke　deposition　and　a　low　deactivation　rate　of　0.0065　h　-1　.　Characterizations　using　techniques　like　TEM　and　XPS,　along　with　carefully-designed　controlled　experiments,　reveal　that　the　notable　performance　of　Ru@NC　stems　from　the　modified　electronic　state　of　Ru　by　nitrogen　dopant　and　the　microporous　nature　of　the　matrix,　positioning　it　as　a　top　contender　among　state-of-the-art　PDH　catalysts.　(c)　2024　Published　by　Elsevier　B.V.　on　behalf　of　Chinese　Chemical　Society　and　Institute　of　Materia　Medica,　Chinese　Academy　of　Medical　Sciences.