Reservoir　dam　structure　is　critical　to　protect　public　life　and　property　and　has　always　been　attention　worldwide.　However,　a　systematic　approach　to　assessing　the　safety　risks　of　reservoir　dam　structure　(RDS)　is　still　required.　This　study　presents　a　holistic　framework　for　evaluating　the　safety　risk　of　RDS　and　develops　an　evaluation　index　system.　A　risk　assessment　model　is　constructed　based　on　the　cloud　and　Dempster-Shafer　(D-S)　evidence　theories.　The　model＇s　validity　is　confirmed　through　an　empirical　analysis　of　the　XY　reservoir　project.　This　study　offers　theoretical　insights　and　practical　solutions　for　managers　to　facilitate　decision-making　and　supports　the　advancement　of　industry　standards.