Lattice　structures　find　extensive　application　in　various　domains,　including　medical,　aerospace,　and　automotive　industries,　owing　to　their　remarkable　energy　absorption　capabilities　and　lightweight　properties.　The　purpose　of　this　study　is　to　design　a　novel　lattice　structure　that　enhances　the　mechanical　properties　of　lattice　structures　under　axial　compressive　loads　by　drawing　inspiration　from　biological　structures　in　nature　that　exhibit　excellent　mechanical　performance.　The　hierarchical　fractal　structure　of　the　Victoria　amazonica　veins　provides　it　with　superior　axial　load-bearing　capacity.　Based　on　the　conceptual　representation　of　the　Victoria　amazonica　veins,　a　new　fractal　strategy　is　proposed,　leading　to　the　design　of　a　novel　hierarchical　truss　lattice　structure.　Through　quasi-static　compression　tests,　the　deformation　modes　and　energy　absorption　capabilities　of　316　L　hierarchical　truss　lattice　structures　were　studied,　and　validating　the　accuracy　of　the　numerical　model.　Subsequently,　numerical　simulation　methods　were　used　to　study　the　crashworthiness　of　the　lattice　structures,　and　the　influence　of　different　geometric　parameters　of　the　hierarchical　truss　lattice　structure　on　its　energy　absorption　performance　was　explored.　Among　these　parameters,　the　unit　cell　size　has　a　significant　effect　on　the　energy　absorption　performance　during　the　deformation　process.　The　results　indicate　that　the　third-order　hierarchical　body-centered　cubic　(THBCC)　structure　has　the　highest　SEA　value　of　10.92　J/g　when　the　unit　cell　size　parameter　N　=　6.　Additionally,　the　interaction　between　the　rods　in　the　hierarchical　truss　lattice　structure　plays　an　important　role　in　its　energy　absorption　performance　through　the　deformation　process.　The　results　indicate　that　the　core　rods　have　a　greater　influence　on　the　energy　absorption　behavior　than　the　inner　and　outer　rods.　Consequently,　this　study　offers　an　innovative　approach　for　designing　lattice　structure　with　superior　energy　absorption　capabilities.　©　2024