ObjectiveTo　estimate　the　effectiveness　and　safety　of　tofacitinib　in　treating　systemic　lupus　erythematosus　(SLE)　patients　with　arthritis.MethodsThis　research　was　a　retrospective　cohort　study　that　focused　on　SLE　patients　who　had　arthritis　and　were　treated　with　tofacitinib　at　the　Department　of　Rheumatology　and　Immunology　from　January　2020　to　January　2022.　Clinical　outcomes,　disease　activity,　immunological　parameters,　and　adverse　events　were　systematically　evaluated　pre-　and　post-treatment　at　4,　12,　and　24　weeks.ResultsTwenty-two　patients　were　analyzed.　At　the　4-week　mark,　5　(22.7%)　patients　were　partially　relieved,　and　17　(77.3%)　unalleviated.　By　the　12-week　assessment,　CR　off　corticosteroids　was　observed　in　four　patients　(18.2%),　and　CR　on　corticosteroids　was　seen　in　six　patients　(27.3%),　with　an　additional　six　(27.3%)　maintaining　partial　remission.　At　24　weeks　after　treatment,　three　patients　(13.6%)　achieved　CR　off　corticosteroids,　ten　patients　(45.5%)　achieved　CR　on　corticosteroids,　and　all　patients　received　remission.　Compared　to　before　treatment,　The　SLEDAI　and　PGA　scores　significantly　improved.　The　level　of　C3　was　increased　significantly,　and　the　absolute　CD3+　T　cell　count,　the　28-tender　and　the　28-swollen　joint　count,　and　the　levels　of　serum　IL-6　were　significantly　decreased　at　24　weeks　after　treatment.ConclusionTofacitinib　demonstrates　significant　therapeutic　potential　in　SLE　patients　with　arthritis,　with　a　safety　profile,　and　the　therapeutic　mechanism　of　tofacitinib　may　be　related　to　reducing　IL-6　expression　and　inhibiting　T　cell　activation.Key　Points　center　dot　Tofacitinib　demonstrates　significant　therapeutic　potential　in　SLE　patients　with　arthritis　center　dot　The　therapeutic　mechanism　of　tofacitinib　may　be　related　to　reducing　IL-6　expression　and　inhibiting　T　cell　activationConclusionTofacitinib　demonstrates　significant　therapeutic　potential　in　SLE　patients　with　arthritis,　with　a　safety　profile,　and　the　therapeutic　mechanism　of　tofacitinib　may　be　related　to　reducing　IL-6　expression　and　inhibiting　T　cell　activation.Key　Points　center　dot　Tofacitinib　demonstrates　significant　therapeutic　potential　in　SLE　patients　with　arthritis　center　dot　The　therapeutic　mechanism　of　tofacitinib　may　be　related　to　reducing　IL-6　expression　and　inhibiting　T　cell　activation