Hydroxyapatite　(HAP)　porous　microspheres　with　very　high　specific　surface　area　and　drug　loading　capacity,　as　well　as　excellent　biocompatibility,　have　been　widely　used　in　tumour　therapy.　Mg2+　is　considered　to　be　a　key　factor　in　bone　regeneration,　acting　as　an　active　agent　to　stimulate　bone　and　cartilage　formation,　and　is　effective　in　accelerating　cell　migration　and　promoting　angiogenesis,　which　is　essential　for　bone　tissue　repair,　anti-cancer,　and　anti-infection.　In　this　study,　abalone　shells　from　a　variety　of　sources　were　used　as　raw　materials,　and　Mg2+-doped　abalone　shell-derived　mesoporous　HAP　microspheres　(Mg-HAP)　were　prepared　by　hydrothermal　synthesis　as　Mg2+/icariin　smart　dual　delivery　system　(ICA-Mg-HAP,　IMHA).　With　increasing　of　Mg2+　doping,　the　surface　morphology　of　HAP　microspheres　varied　from　collapsed　macroporous　to　mesoporous　to　smooth　and　non-porous,　which　may　be　due　to　Mg2+　substitution　or　coordination　in　the　HAP　lattice.　At　30%　Mg2+　doping,　the　Mg-HAP　microspheres　showed　a　more　homogeneous　mesoporous　morphology　with　a　high　specific　surface　area　(186.06　m2/g).　The　IMHA　microspheres　showed　high　drug　loading　(7.69%)　and　encapsulation　rate　(83.29%),　sustained　Mg2+　release　for　more　than　27　days,　sustained　and　stable　release　of　icariin　for　60　hours,　and　good　responsiveness　to　pH　(pH　6.4　＞　pH　5.6).　In　addition,　the　IMHA　delivery　system　stimulated　the　rapid　proliferation　of　bone　marrow　mesenchymal　stem　cells　and　induced　apoptosis　in　MG63　cells　by　blocking　the　G2　phase　cycle　of　osteosarcoma　cells　and　stimulating　the　high　expression　of　apoptotic　genes　(Bcl-2,　caspase-3,-8,-9).　This　suggests　that　the　abalone　shell-based　IMHA　may　have　potential　applications　in　drug　delivery　and　tumour　therapy.　©　2024,　Chinese　Medical　Multimedia　Press　Co　Ltd.　All　rights　reserved.