A　virtual　power　plant　(VPP)　can　effectively　integrate　massive　and　scattered　distributed　energy　resources　through　advanced　control　technology,　effectively　achieving　low-carbon　development.　To　promote　the　positive　role　of　VPP　in　carbon　emission　reduction.　This　paper　proposed　a　multi-agent　collaborative　optimization　framework　for　the　VPP　alliance　and　distribution　network.　Firstly,　based　on　the　carbon　emission　flow　theory,　a　comprehensive　electricity-carbon　pricing　method　was　developed　to　incentivize　the　low-carbon　operation　of　VPP.　Secondly,　considering　that　multiple　VPPs　used　the　form　of　cooperative　alliance　to　share　transactions,　this　paper　constructed　a　multi-VPP　electricity　carbon　peer-to-peer　(P2P)　trading　mechanism　model　based　on　Nash　bargaining　theory,　which　realized　multi-VPP　resource　sharing　and　considered　individual　interests　and　alliance　benefits.　This　paper　constructed　a　bi-level　model　of　VPP　alliance-distribution　network　collaborative　optimization　based　on　the　comprehensive　price　of　electricity　and　carbon　to　guide　the　P2P　transaction　between　VPPs.　The　upper-level　model　was　the　optimal　transaction　of　electricity　and　carbon　P2P　between　multiple　VPPs.　The　adaptive　step　size　alternating　direction　method　of　multipliers　was　used　to　realize　the　distributed　solution　between　multiple　VPPs.　The　lower-level　model　was　the　optimal　economic　dispatch　problem　of　the　distribution　network.　Finally,　an　example　was　given　to　verify　the　effectiveness　of　the　proposed　model　and　method.　©　2024　Power　System　Technology　Press.　All　rights　reserved.