The　pollution　reduction　and　carbon-cutting　measures　of　Guangdong-Hong　Kong-Macao　Greater　Bay　Area　(GBA)　set　a　benchmark　for　sustainable　development　in　China＇s　urban　agglomerations.　While　the　automobile　manufacturing　industry　significantly　boosts　the　GBA＇s　economic　growth,　its　extensive　cross-regional　and　cross-sector　supply　chains　pose　challenges　for　CO2　and　pollution　emission　control.　Analyzing　emissions　characteristics　and　transfer　paths　can　clarify　the　GBA＇s　role　and　guide　targeted　reduction　measures.　According　to　the　multi-region　input-output　(MRIO)　model　and　structural　path　analysis　(SPA),　this　study　clarifies　that　the　automobile　manufacturing　industry　in　Guangdong,　Hong　Kong　and　Macao　causes　more　than　72%　of　the　CO2　and　air　pollutant　(SO2,　NOX,　PM10)　spillover　to　other　regions,　where　the　energy-resource-dominant　upstream　regions　of　Hebei,　Shandong,　and　Henan　emit　high　levels　of　CO2　and　air　pollutants,　according　for　19%　of　indirect　supply　chain　emissions;　the　energy　sector,　non-metals　sector,　and　metals　sector　are　the　key　upstream,　according　for　59%　of　indirect　supply　chain　emissions.　Furthermore,　our　study　identifies　the　Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei　and　neighboring　regions,　parts　of　the　western　region,　and　the　GBA　region　and　the　metal　products　industry,　automobile　manufacturing　industry,　and　water,　electricity,　and　gas　supply　industry　sector　as　the　core　area　and　key　sector　with　significant　synergistic　effects　on　CO2　and　air　pollutant　emissions.　Therefore,　implementing　emission　reduction　measures　in　the　identified　core　areas　and　sectors　will　contribute　to　the　achievement　of　synergistic　enhancement.　These　findings　can　inform　decision-makers　to　promote　sustainable　development　in　the　region.　Furthermore,　the　research　perspective　based　on　the　industrial　chain　offers　new　insights　into　defining　regional　responsibility　for　CO2　emissions　and　enhancing　regional　cooperation.　©　2024　Elsevier　Ltd