The　layout　of　emergency　monitoring　points　(EMPs)　in　water　distribution　networks　is　one　of　the　main　measures　to　ensure　the　water　safety　of　residents　and　preserve　the　sustainable　development　of　cities　and　society.　The　impact　factors　on　the　layout　of　EMPs　are　first　analyzed.　Then,　a　new　emergency　monitoring　layout　model　is　presented　with　the　goal　of　maximizing　the　number　of　the　excluded　possible　sources　and　minimizing　the　formulated　time　of　emergency　response.　Finally,　taking　EPANET　Network　3　as　a　simulation　case　to　verify　the　proposed　model.　The　results　show　the　new　layout　model　can　effectively　exclude　60%　of　the　number　of　possible　sources,　and　shorten　18%　of　the　formulated　time　of　emergency　response　measure.　There　are　many　factors　that　affect　the　layout　of　EMPs,　which　mainly　include　the　time　of　arranging　EMPs,　the　latest　time　to　formulate　the　emergency　response　measure,　the　number　of　emergency　monitoring　equipment　available,　and　the　relative　error　criteria　of　pollutant　concentration,　from　apparently　to　slightly.　It　provides　a　new　idea　for　emergency　decision-makers　to　deal　with　sudden　water　pollution　accidents　in　water　distribution　networks.　　©　2024　The　Authors.