A　one-pot　method　with　formic　acid　regulation　was　adopted　to　fabricate　a　novel　MOF(Zr)–on-MOF(Ce/La)　adsorbent　for　fluoride　and　phosphate　removal.　Compared　to　traditional　adsorbents,　MOF(Zr)–on-MOF(Ce/La)　boasted　abundant　active　sites　and　a　wide　application　range,　with　adsorption　capacities　of　173.2　and　92.85　mg　g−1　for　fluoride　and　phosphate,　respectively.　Comprehensive　characterization　techniques　like　SEM-EDS,　BET,　XRD,　FTIR,　and　TGA　were　employed　to　analyze　the　material＇s　properties.　Adsorption　experiments　investigated　multiple　effect　factors.　BET　analysis　disclosed　a　specific　surface　area　of　332　m2　g−1,　mainly　composed　of　micropores　and　mesopores.　The　adsorbent　showed　rapid　adsorption　rates　for　both　ions,　with　low　reliance　on　adsorption　time.　The　adsorption　process　was　exothermic　and　spontaneous,　favored　by　higher　temperatures.　Kinetic　and　thermodynamic　studies　favored　the　pseudo-second-order　kinetic　and　Langmuir　models,　suggesting　monolayer　chemical　adsorption.　Through　combined　analyses　including　XPS,　XRD,　and　studies　on　kinetics　and　thermodynamics,　the　fluoride　removal　mechanism　involved　electrostatic　interaction　and　ion　exchange,　while　phosphate　removal　encompassed　ion　exchange,　electrostatic　interactions,　and　complexation.　Field　wastewater　experiments　met　Chinese　standards,　and　recycling　experiments　revealed　sustained　removal　efficiencies　of　90.20　%　for　fluoride　and　87.27　%　for　phosphate　after　two　regeneration　cycles,　highlighting　the　significant　potential　of　this　approach　in　alleviating　fluoride　and　phosphorus　pollution.　©　2024　Elsevier　B.V.