In　China,　Dolichandrone spathacea　is　a　rare　and　endangered　semi-mangrove　plant　species　with　an　extremely　small　population,　naturally　distributed　only　in　Zhanjiang　City　and　the　east　coast　of　Hainan　Island.　Despite　conservation　concerns,　the　population　status　of　D. spathacea　has　received　little　scientific　attention.　In　this　study,　we　evaluated　the　current　status　of　D. spathacea　on　Hainan　Island,　China,　in　order　to　propose　sustainable　conservation　strategies　for　future　ecological　restoration　of　its　natural　population.　D. spathacea　on　Hainan　Island　can　be　divided　into　four　populations.　All　the　D. spathacea　populations　present　a　state　of　overall　dispersion,　local　concentration,　and　occasionally　sporadic　existence,　and　they　exist　in　geographical　isolation.　The　young,　middle,　and　old　D. spathacea　plants　account　for　20.42%,　66.20%,　and　13.38%,　respectively,　indicating　that　the　D. spathacea　population　on　Hainan　Island　is　declining.　Furthermore,　instead　of　temporal　structure,　we　used　diameter　at　breast　height　(DBH)　to　establish　a　static　life　table,　draw　a　population　survival　curve,　and　quantify　the　future　development　trend　through　population　dynamic　analysis　and　time-series　prediction.　These　results　suggest　that　the　D. spathacea　population　in　the　Bamen　Gulf　(Wenchang)　and　Qingmei　Harbor　(Sanya)　on　Hainan　Island　is　sensitive　to　external　disturbances　and　possesses　two　main　increases　in　mortality　rate—namely,　in　its　juvenile　and　mature　stages—due　to　competition　and　anthropogenic　interferences,　which　might　be　the　most　important　reasons　for　its　endangered　status.　Depending　on　the　current　conditions　of　the　D. spathacea　population,　we　should　conserve　and　expand　mature　trees　in　situ,　preserve　their　germplasm　resources,　rehabilitate　their　habitats　to　promote　provenance　restoration,　and　conduct　artificial　cultivation　and　spreading　planting　in　order　to　realize　the　sustainable　conservation　and　management　of　D. spathacea.　©　2024　by　the　authors.