Rare　earth　elements　(REEs)　are　commonly　categorized　into　light　(LREEs),　medium　(MREEs),　and　heavy　(HREEs)　groups.　Separation　between　LREEs　and　MREEs　or　MREEs　is　relatively　straightforward.　However,　isolating　LREEs　themselves　is　particularly　challenging　because　of　their　similar　ionic　radii　and　identical　charges.　Traditional　separation　processes　are　hindered　by　drawbacks　including　low　recovery　rates　for　dilute　REEs,　poor　selectivity,　complex　protocols,　and　environmental　pollution.　Consequently,　developing　a　cleaner　and　more　efficient　method　for　LREEs　separation　is　imperative.　In　this　study,　we　employed　a　single-module　hollow　fiber　supported　liquid　membrane　(HFSLM)　system　with　2-ethylhexyl　phosphoric　acid　mono-2-ethylhexyl　ester　(P507)　as　an　extractant　to　concurrently　extract　and　strip　La3+　and　Nd3+　from　the　mixed　LREEs　containing　solutions.　We　also　investigated　the　impact　of　flow　rate,　stripping　solution　acidity,　feed　solution　pH,　P507　concentration,　Nd3+　concentration　of　feed　solution,　and　the　volume　ratio　between　the　feed　and　stripping　solutions　influence　the　extraction　and　stripping　of　LREEs,　as　well　as　the　molar　fractions　of　La3+　and　Nd3+　in　the　solutions.　Under　optimal　condition,　the　molar　fraction　of　La3+　was　99.0%　in　the　feed　solution,　whereas　the　molar　fraction　of　Nd3+　reached　91.6%　in　the　stripping　solution.　Furthermore,　the　experimental　results　demonstrated　a　consistent　preference　of　P507-HFSLM　system　for　extracting　Nd3+　over　La3+,　and　the　underlying　mechanism　was　thoroughly　investigated.　In　summary,　this　study　offers　comprehensive　insights　and　technical　approaches　for　selective　separation　and　purification　of　LREEs.