The　relationships　between　inequality　and　crime　and　segregation　and　crime　are　classic　topics　in　crime　geography.　However,　the　effects　of　city-level　inequality　and　segregation　based　on　an　individual＇s　socioeconomic　status　on　crime　in　a　racially　homogeneous　country　such　as　China　remain　largely　unexplored.　Using　novel　location-based　service　population　big　data,　criminal　judgment　records,　and　a　nationally　representative　survey,　we　measure　the　degree　of　educational　inequality　and　educational　segregation　in　288　Chinese　cities　and　then　simultaneously　examine　their　effects　on　theft　and　violent　crime　rates.　The　results　suggest　that　inequality　and　segregation　are　two　distinct　constructs　that　reflect　social　polarization,　as　evidenced　by　their　different　spatial　distribution　patterns　and　low　correlations.　Both　educational　inequality　and　educational　segregation　have　significant　and　positive　effects　on　the　incidence　of　theft　and　violence　at　the　city　level.　These　relationships　remain　robust　to　introducing　instrumental　variables　to　address　the　endogeneity　issue.　Considering　these　findings,　it　is　imperative　to　take　a　multisectoral　and　coordinated　approach　to　reducing　inequality　and　segregation　and,　ultimately,　deterring　crime.　By　understanding　and　acting　upon　these　factors,　policymakers　can　work　toward　promoting　a　safer　and　more　equitable　society　across　China.