The　progress　in　the　investigation　of　radiation　technology　applied　in　the　environmental　protection　is　reviewed.　Radiation　technology　including　electron　beam　and　gamma-ray　irradiation　has　great　potential　in　the　field　of　environmental　protection　due　to　its　special　characteristics.　The　investigations　and　applications　of　radiation　technology　in　the　treatment　of　wastewater,　waste　gas　and　solid　waste　are　introduced　in　this　paper,　including　the　treatment　of　printing　and　dyeing　wastewater,　papermill　wastewater,　nitroanilines,　halogenated　flame　retardants,　endocrine　disrupting　chemicals,　algal　toxin,　volatile　organic　contaminants　and　sludge　etc.,　and　the　removing　of　SOx　and　NOx　in　coal-fired　and　automobile　exhausts.　The　degradation　efficiency　of　these　organic　pollutants　by　electron　beam　or　gamma-ray　radiolytic　degradation　is　discussed　in　various　conditions,　such　as　different　initial　concentrations,　irradiation　doses,　pH　values,　solvents,　radiolysis　systems　and　the　addition　of　H2O2　etc.　Besides,　the　radiolysis　products　of　certain　pollutants　are　listed　and　radiolytic　degradation　mechanisms　of　these　organic　pollutants　are　illustrated.　These　results　demonstrate　that　radiation　technology　is　an　effective　method　to　degrade　the　organic　contaminants,　especially　the　persistent　organic　pollutants,　(OH)-O-center　dot　and　e(sq)　play　significant　roles　in　the　radiolysis　of　organic　pollutants.　In　addition,　the　limitations　and　the　future　tends　of　radiation　technology　applied　in　the　environmental　protection　are　also　discussed.