Conductive　hydrogels　have　recently　attracted　extensive　attention　in　the　field　of　smart　wearable　electronics.　Despite　the　current　versatility　of　conductive　hydrogels,　the　balance　between　mechanical　properties　(tensile　properties,　strength,　and　toughness)　and　electrical　properties　(electrical　conductivity,　sensitivity,　and　stability)　still　faces　great　challenges.　Herein,　a　simplified　method　for　constructing　hydrophobic　association　hydrogels　with　excellent　mechanical　and　electrical　properties　is　proposed.　The　prepared　conductive　hydrogels　exhibit　high　tensile　properties　(≈1224%),　high　linearity　in　the　whole-strain–range　(R2　=　0.999),　and　a　wide　strain　sensing　range　(2700%).　The　conductive　hydrogel　can　realize　more　than　1000　cycles　of　sensing　under　500%　tensile　strain.　As　an　application　demonstration,　an　underwater　communication　device　is　assembled　in　combination　with　polydimethylsiloxane/Triton　X-100　film　coating,　which　successfully　transmits　underwater　signals　and　provides　warning　of　potential　hazards.　This　study　provides　a　new　research　method　for　developing　underwater　equipment　with　excellent　mechanical　properties　and　sensing　properties.　©　2023　Wiley-VCH　GmbH.