The　wheel　force　transducer　of　Michigan　technology　company　(MSC)　was　used　to　collect　the　field　truck　data　of　tire　load　with　different　highway　alignment,　vehicle　type,　load,　and　pavement　types.　Combined　with　the　vehicle　dynamics,　the　characteristics　of　typical　truck　motion　inertia　load　were　analyzed.　The　results　show　that　the　magnitude　of　inertial　motion　load　mainly　depends　on　the　vehicle　mass,　distribution,　acceleration　size,　direction,　and　the　number　of　tire　groups　and　pressure.　Highway　alignment　fluctuation　and　horizontal　conversion　would　cause　vehicle　acceleration,　deceleration,　and　complex　inertial　motion　mode.　The　motion　inertia　load　is　divided　into　two　types,　with　the　first　type　being　the　large　uniform　load　and　another　being　the　impact　load.　In　the　three　directions,　the　value　in　the　vertical　direction　is　the　largest,　while　the　values　in　the　longitudinal　and　transverse　horizontal　directions　are　small.　The　vertical　impact　coefficient　can　exceed　4,　which　is　much　higher　than　the　impact　coefficient　commonly　adopted　nowadays.　Sensitive　locations　with　larger　motion　inertia　loads　are　generally　distributed　in　the　turning　sections　and　the　slope　bottom　sections　with　significant　changes　in　speed　and　driving　direction.　Long　lasting　impact　is　generally　caused　by　rolling　motion;　Short　time　impact　is　caused　by　pitching　motion　and　rocking　motion,　which　is　indirectly　caused　by　vehicle　braking　or　acceleration　and　deceleration　on　the　vertical　curve.　It　is　necessary　to　consider　the　effect　of　truck　motion　inertia　load　in　the　design　of　heavy　pavement　structures　and　materials,　curve　design　of　bridge　structures,　and　vehicle　management.　©　2023　Tsinghua　University.　All　rights　reserved.