Astronomical　solar　radiation　refers　to　solar　radiation　that　falls　on　the　Earth　regardless　of　the　influence　of　the　atmosphere,　which　is　a　significant　variable　for　resource　assessment　of　solar　energy.　Characterizing　the　spatial-　temporal　distribution　of　Martian　astronomical　solar　radiation　can　help　the　Martian　exploration　in　the　future,　providing　basic　data　for　detailed　utilization　and　efficient　development　of　solar　energy　resources　on　Mars,　as　well　as　assistance　for　the　scientific　decision-　making　of　governments.　However,　the　Martian　terrain　is　complicated,　and　its　scale　and　shape　are　incomparable　to　those　of　the　Earth.　Therefore,　it　is　impossible　to　ignore　the　influence　of　terrain　on　astronomical　solar　radiation　on　the　Martian　surface.　Current　studies　of　the　Martian　astronomical　solar　radiation　do　not　consider　the　terrain　shielding　effect　of　the　actual　surface　of　Mars　and　often　focus　on　local　areas.　In　this　paper,　the　comprehensive　influence　of　latitude　difference　and　time　sequence　replacement　is　considered.　The　Digital　Elevation　Model　(DEM)　with　a　resolution　of　200　m　is　taken　as　the　basic　data,　and　a　theoretical　model　for　calculating　Martian　astronomical　radiation　based　on　DEM　is　proposed.　The　parallel　computing　framework　provided　by　Hadoop　distributed　cluster　is　used　to　simulate　the　spatial　distribution　of　astronomical　radiation　on　the　Martian　global　surface,　by　considering　the　impact　of　terrain,　and　taking　10　minutes　as　a　time　unit.　The　Rb　is　the　ratio　between　the　horizontal　astronomical　solar　radiation　and　the　astronomical　solar　radiation　considering　the　terrain　shielding　effect,　which　is　generally　used　to　evaluate　the　terrain　shielding　effect　of　astronomical　solar　radiation.　Based　on　the　mean　Rb　corresponding　to　different　global　latitudes,　the　spatiotemporal　analysis　is　carried　out.　Through　interactive　two-factor　analysis　of　variance,　factor　analysis,　and　correlation　analysis,　the　influence　extent　of　terrain　factors　and　astronomical　factors　on　Rb　value　of　shady　slope　and　sunny　slope　is　explored.　The　results　show　that　the　influence　of　terrain　on　the　Martian　surface　has　obvious　regularity　at　the　spatial-　temporal　scale,　and　the　influence　degree　is　not　only　related　to　the　development　of　topography　itself,　but　also　affected　by　astronomical　factors　such　as　the　height　angle　of　the　midday　sun.　©　2023　Journal　of　Geo-Information　Science.　All　rights　reserved.