＇Abandonment＇　and　＇hollowing　out＇　have　been　two　of　the　most　common　issues　in　the　current　rural　areas　of　the　Farming-pastoral　Zone.　It　is　still　lacking　in　the　smooth　flow　of　rural　development　elements.　The　irrational　allocation　of　regional　elements　can　also　be　seriously　confined　to　the　construction　of　new　patterns　in　rural　revitalization.　In　this　study,　the　spatial　layout　of　the　rural　settlements　was　optimized　to　effectively　implement　rural　revitalization　from　the　perspective　of　factor　endowment　and　mobility.　The　study　area　was　taken　as　the　Kekeyiligeng　Town　(Ke　Town),　Wuchuan　County,　Inner　Mongolia　Autonomous　Region　of　Western　China.　An　evaluation　index　system　was　constructed　for　the　factor　endowment　of　rural　settlements　from　the　dimensions　of　industry,　talent,　culture,　environment,　and　organization.　The　weights　of　each　indicator　were　determined　to　evaluate　the　endowment　status　of　rural　settlement　elements　using　entropy　weights.　At　the　same　time,　the　social　network　analysis　software　(UCINET)　was　used　to　construct　a　flow　network　of　elements.　The　degree　centrality　of　each　settlement　was　calculated　to　reflect　the　mobility　capacity.　The　identification　criteria　were　finally　established　to　determine　the　optimization　types　of　rural　settlements　using　the　generalized　matrix　model.　1)　comprehensive　rural　revitalization　was　achieved　in　the　optimal　spatial　layout　of　rural　settlement.　The　various　rural　elements　were　also　rationally　allocated　to　the　urgent　needs.　Population　mobility　was　also　used　to　bridge　the　element　flow　during　allocation.　The　dynamic　allocation　and　circulation　of　elements　greatly　contributed　to　the　implementation　of　rural　revitalization.　2)　There　were　relatively　high　overall　scores　of　rural　settlement　factor　endowment,　with　the　total　area　of　settlements　with　moderate　or　higher　accounting　for　399.48　hm2,　74.32%　of　the　total　area.　The　evaluation　system　demonstrated　that　there　was　a　distinct　pattern　of　polarization,　indicating　the　＇higher　in　the　south,　lower　in　the　north,　higher　in　the　middle,　and　lower　at　the　edges.＇　3)　A　relatively　low　mobility　capacity　of　rural　settlement　factor　shared　the　distribution　pattern　of　＇higher　in　the　south,　lower　in　the　north＇.　There　were　101　settlements　with　low　centrality,　covering　an　area　of　52.67%,　whereas,　30　settlements　with　high　centrality,　accounted　for　an　area　of　18.47%.　4)　The　optimization　types　of　rural　settlements　were　classified　as　the　type　of　characteristic　protection　(9),　suburban　integration　(20),　agglomeration　promotion　(40),　in-situ　observation　(24),　and　relocation　merge　(87).　Rural　settlements　were　taken　as　the　gathering　centers　of　various　elements　in　the　rural　areas,　indicating　the　reconfiguration　and　flow　of　elements　in　the　spatial　layout　optimization.　Targeted　settlement　optimization　was　also　proposed　to　enrich　the　research　perspective　on　the　rural　settlement　layout.　Anyway,　the　finding　can　provide　theoretical　and　technical　support　for　the　village　planning　in　the　Farming-pastoral　Zone.　©　2023　Chinese　Society　of　Agricultural　Engineering.　All　rights　reserved.