Ultra-high　performance　mortar　(UHPM)　has　been　proposed　to　replace　conventional　mortar　(CM)　as　it　can　improve　the　compressive　performance　of　stone　masonry　structure.　To　investigate　performance　features　such　as　failure　modes,　load-versus　deformation　and　ultimate　compressive　strength,　eighteen　UHPM　and　CM　stone　masonry　specimens　were　tested　under　axial　loading　with　mortar　type,　fiber　type,　mortar　thickness　and　stone　block　surface　condition　as　the　main　parameters.　The　test　results　indicate　that　for　UHPM　specimens,　the　primary　cause　of　failure　is　the　cracking　of　stone　blocks　rather　than　the　mortar　joints.　And　the　cracking　and　ultimate　compressive　strength　is　182.1%　and　245.3%　higher　respectively　compared　with　that　of　the　CM　ones.　mechanism　possible　explanation　is　that　stone　blocks　in　stone　masonry　with　UHPM　are　in　a　tri-axial　compression　due　to　the　confinement　effect　of　UHPM　material　which　possesses　high　elastic　modulus　and　low　Poisson＇s　ratio.　UHPC　without　fibers　recommended　for　stone　masonry　structures　as　the　theoretically　positive　effects　of　steel　and　PVA　fibers　on　UHPC　did　not　show　up　in　this　experiment.　The　artificial　sand　blasting　treatment　on　stone　surface　exerts　little　effect　on　the　compressive　performance　of　UHPC　stone　masonry.　Based　on　the　test　results,　a　new　formula　of　EC6　is　recalculated　and　the　ratio　between　recalculated　and　test　values　is　0.97　with　a　variance　of　0.07.　However,　for　the　equation　used　to　predict　the　compressive　strength　of　UHPM　stone　masonry　is　still　need　to　improvement.