Modifiable　one-dimensional　materials　are　extremely　desired　in　various　applications,　especially　in　room-temperature　(RT)　chemiresistive　gas　sensing.　New　one-dimensional　(1D)　CdS-based　metal　chalcogenide　nanowires　with　a　surface　fully　covered　amino　group　(denoted　as　Cd-ATP)　were　prepared　by　the　coordination　self-assembly　method.　Featuring　densely　covered　organic　functional　motifs,　Cd-ATP　is　able　to　selectively　recognize　H2S　through　hydrogen　bonding　interaction　between　the　amino　group　and　H2S.　Cd-ATP　exhibits　high　sensitivity,　an　ultra-low　limit-of-detection　(116.49　ppt)　and　fast　response/recovery　among　all　reported　room　temperature　H2S　sensing　non-composite　materials.　This　work　provides　inspiration　for　the　design　and　preparation　of　novel　surface　fully　functionalized　1D　materials　for　various　chemical　applications.　©　2023　The　Royal　Society　of　Chemistry.