Iron-based　sulfides　are　considered　promising　anode　materials　for　lithium-ion　batteries　(LIBs)　due　to　their　low　cost　and　high　theoretical　specific　capacities.　However,　low　conductivity　and　dissolution　of　lithium　polysulfides　during　the　reaction　hamper　their　practical　applications.　Herein,　we　firstly　synthesized　N-doped　carbon-coated　Fe1−xS　(Fe1−xS@NC)　sheets　through　vacuum　pyrolysis　of　the　precursor　Fe1−xS(en)0.5　(en　=　ethylenediamine).　Then　Fe1−xS@NC-rGO　composites　(rGO　=　reduced　graphene　oxide)　were　prepared　in　which　the　Fe1−xS@NC　sheets　were　anchored　on　the　rGO.　The　performance　of　the　composites　as　an　anode　material　for　LIBs　has　been　investigated.　It　is　found　that　coating　N-doped　C　on　Fe1−xS　surfaces　can　improve　the　surface　conductivity　and　electrochemical　kinetics　of　Fe1−xS,　which　is　beneficial　for　the　conversion　between　lithium　polysulfides　and　Fe1−xS.　In　addition,　the　coated　N-doped　C　on　the　Fe1−xS　sheets　can　serve　as　a　barrier　to　direct　contact　between　the　electrolyte　and　the　material,　reducing　the　dissolution　of　polysulfides　and　preventing　the　loss　of　active　ingredients.　More　importantly,　the　double　protection　of　the　N-doped　C　layer　and　the　flexible　rGO　substrate　minimizes　the　structural　damage　caused　by　the　cyclic　expansion　of　Fe1−xS@NC-rGO.　As　expected,　Fe1−xS@NC-rGO　exhibits　good　rate　performance　with　a　reversible　capacity　of　939.5　mA　h　g−1　after　1690　cycles　at　a　current　density　of　1.0　A　g−1,　along　with　outstanding　charge　and　discharge　performance　and　excellent　long-term　cycling　stability.　This　work　shows　that　the　introduction　of　NC　coating　and　the　rGO　matrix　into　Fe1−xS　would　synergistically　enhance　the　performance　of　Fe1−xS　for　LIBs　and　highlights　the　effectiveness　of　the　synthetic　strategy　for　double　carbon-based　materials-protected　sulfides　in　developing　superior　LIB　electrodes.　©　2023　The　Royal　Society　of　Chemistry.