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author:

Shu, Longlong (Shu, Longlong.) [1] | Wang, Zhiguo (Wang, Zhiguo.) [2] | Liang, Renhong (Liang, Renhong.) [3] | Zhang, Zhen (Zhang, Zhen.) [4] | Shu, Shengwen (Shu, Shengwen.) [5] | Tang, Changxin (Tang, Changxin.) [6] | Li, Fei (Li, Fei.) [7] | Zheng, Ren-Kui (Zheng, Ren-Kui.) [8] | Ke, Shanming (Ke, Shanming.) [9] | Catalan, Gustau (Catalan, Gustau.) [10]

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EI

Abstract:

The direct measurement of flexoelectric coefficients in epitaxial thin films is an unresolved problem, due to the clamping effect of substrates which induces a net strain (and hence parasitic piezoelectricity) in addition to strain gradients and flexoelectricity. Herein, we propose and demonstrate the use of van der Waals epitaxy as a successful strategy for measuring the intrinsic (clamping-free = flexoelectric coefficients of epitaxial thin films. We have made, measured, and compared BaTiO3 and SrTiO3 thin film capacitor heterostructures grown both by conventional oxide-on-oxide epitaxy and by van der Waals oxide-on-mica epitaxy, and found that, whereas the former is dominated by parasitic piezoelectricity, the response of the latter is truly flexoelectric. The results are backed by theoretical calculations of the film-substrate mechanical interaction, as well as by direct measurements that confirm the strain-free state of the films. van der Waals epitaxy thus emerges as powerful new tool in the study of flexoelectricity and, in particular, they finally allow exploring flexoelectric phenomena at the nanoscale (where strain gradients are highest) with direct experimental knowledge of the actual flexoelectric coefficients of thin films. © 2022 American Physical Society.

Keyword:

Barium titanate Crystallography Epitaxial growth Mica Piezoelectricity Strontium titanates Substrates Thin films Van der Waals forces

Community:

  • [ 1 ] [Shu, Longlong]School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
  • [ 2 ] [Wang, Zhiguo]School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
  • [ 3 ] [Liang, Renhong]School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
  • [ 4 ] [Zhang, Zhen]School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
  • [ 5 ] [Shu, Shengwen]College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China
  • [ 6 ] [Tang, Changxin]Institute of Photovoltaics, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
  • [ 7 ] [Li, Fei]Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, International Center for Dielectric Research, Xi'An Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
  • [ 8 ] [Zheng, Ren-Kui]School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
  • [ 9 ] [Ke, Shanming]School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
  • [ 10 ] [Catalan, Gustau]Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
  • [ 11 ] [Catalan, Gustau]Institut Catala de Nanociencia i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain

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Source :

Physical Review B

ISSN: 2469-9950

Year: 2022

Issue: 2

Volume: 106

3 . 7

JCR@2022

3 . 2 0 0

JCR@2023

ESI HC Threshold:55

JCR Journal Grade:2

CAS Journal Grade:2

Cited Count:

WoS CC Cited Count: 0

SCOPUS Cited Count: 13

ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All

WanFang Cited Count:

Chinese Cited Count:

30 Days PV: 3

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