In　recent　years,　the　most　appealing　way　to　harvest　solar　energy　via　cost-effective,　renewable,　clean　and　sustainable　technology　is　the　artificial　photocatalysis　which　has　drawn　multidisciplinary　attention　to　mitigate　the　upcoming　energy　disaster　and　environmental　issues　in　the　arena　of　sustainable　development　of　society.　For　this　purpose,　significant　progress　has　been　made,　regarding　the　selectivity　of　photocatalytic　energy　sources　for　potential　productivity　using　solar　energy　pathway,　nonetheless　it　has　still　become　a　difficult　task　for　scientists　in　order　to　make　and　resolve　the　noteworthy　problem　of　increasing　global　deterioration.　According　to　a　recent　literature　survey,　the　non-metal　based　graphitic　carbon　nitride　(g-C3N4)　as　a　fascinating　conjugated　polymer　based　photo　catalyst　has　emerged　as　a　new　research　hotspot　in　the　form　of　viable　option　related　to　its　earth　abundant　elements,　good　stability,　and　ease　in　fabrication.　Still,　there　are　many　disadvantages　associated　with　g-C3N4,　such　as　rapid　recombination　of　photoexcited　electron-hole　pairs,　which　ultimately　affect　the　photocatalytic　hydrogen　(H-2)　and　carbon　dioxide　(CO2)　conversion　under　solar　illumination.　Previously　published　several　reviews　only　emphasize　the　proficient　use　of　g-C3N4　photocatalyst　for　overall　sustainable　energy　production　as　an　effective　treatment　strategy.　But　the　literature　has　never　been　addressed　the　use　of　g-C3N4　with　different　morphological　and　structural　characteristics　for　simultaneous　H-2　production　and　carbon　dioxide　reduction.　Therefore,　the　proper　designing　and　development　of　novel　photocatalysts　with　proper　surface　tuning　and　intrinsic　properties　towards　efficient　energy　harvesting　is　of　utmost　interest.　This　review　article　is　basically　designed　to　properly　address　the　existing　issues　and　the　recent　progress　of　g-C3N4　through　various　strategies　with　the　aim　of　obtaining　a　robust　and　resourceful　photocatalyst　towards　sustainable　energy　production.　In　this　context,　we　had　a　clear　debate　regarding　the　proper　tuning　of　g-C3N4　based　photocatalysts　through　various　fabrication　strategies,　such　as　electronic　structure　via　metals/non-metals　doping,　defects　engineering,　carbon　dots,　etc.　along　with　Z-scheme　heterojunctions,　bimetallic　cocatalyst,　and　organic　metal-organic　framework.　At　the　end,　this　review　is　devoted　to　sufficiently　summarizing　the　recent　advancements　and　the　possible　future　recommendation　of　the　fundamental　contribution　of　g-C3N4　in　a　wide　variety　of　sustainable　energy　production　fields.　(C)　2022　Hydrogen　Energy　Publications　LLC.　Published　by　Elsevier　Ltd.　All　rights　reserved.