Background　The　study　carries　the　aim　to　compare　the　clinical　efficacy　and　economic　outcomes　of　using　barbed　suture　closure　versus　conventional　closure　for　wounds　after　posterior　long-segment　lumbar　surgery.　Methods　One　hundred　and　eighty-one　patients　undertaking　posterior　long-segment　lumbar　surgery　participated　in　the　prospective　randomized　controlled　trial　study　to　receive　either　barbed　suture　wound　closure　(n　=　91)　or　conventional　suture　closure　(n　=　90).　Outcome　measures　included　operating　room　time　(ORT),　wound　closure　time,　length　of　incision,　length　of　hospital　stay　(LOS),　90-day　readmission　rates,　wound　complications　of　dehiscence　and　infection,　and　costs.　Results　Barbed　suture　group　was　related　with　significantly　lower　ORT　(P　=　0.036),　wound　closure　time　(P　＜　0.001)　and　average　wound　closure　time　(P　＜　0.001),　and　significantly　lower　wound　complication　rates　(dehiscence　and　infection)　(P　=　0.031).　No　significant　differences　were　found　when　compared　with　conventional　suture　group　in　terms　of　length　of　incision　(P　=　0.086),　length　of　hospital　stay　(P　=　0.174),　readmission　rates　up　to　90　days　after　the　surgical　procedure　(P　=　0.232)　and　costs　(P　=　0.205).　Conclusion　The　study　suggested　the　knotless　barbed　suture　technique　outperformed　the　conventional　suture　in　shortening　operating　room　time,　wound　closure　time　and　average　wound　closure　time,　and　reducing　wound　complication　rates.