Five　typical　Chinese　soils,　including　brown　soil,　red　soil,　yellow　soil,　black　soil　and　cinnamon　soil,　were　collected　and　artificially　contaminated　with　Cr(VI)　to　a　concentration　of　80mg/kg.　Hydrocalumite,　a　promising　layered　double　hydroxide,　was　applied　as　a　first　attempt　to　immobilize　the　Cr-contaminated　soils.　The　remediation　effects　were　comprehensively　evaluated　on　soil　basic　physicochemical　properties,　and　fractionation,　ecological　risk　and　health　risk　of　soil　Cr.　The　relevant　mechanisms　and　cost　were　discussed.　Results　showed　that　hydrocalumite　significantly　increased　soil　pH,　and　effectively　reduced　the　Cr　activity　(59.09%~79.22%),　ecological　risk　(14.17%~57.66%)　and　health　(carcinogenic)　risk　(13.04%~63.04%　in　gastric　phase　and　22.73%~56.60%　in　small　intestinal　phase)　of　soil　Cr.　In　addition　to　active　Cr　fraction,　inactive　Cr　fraction　also　contributed　to　its　ecological　and　health　risks　before　and　after　remediation.　Hydrocalumite　could　not　only　transform　active　Cr　fraction　into　inactive　precipitated　fraction　for　a　partial　reduction　or　a　complete　elimination　of　its　ecological　risk　or　health　risk,　but　also　further　suppress　the　dissolution　of　other　inactive　Cr　fraction　in　certain　soils　in　the　TCLP　or　in　vitro　test.　Regarding　the　reagent　cost,　a　reasonable　6.4CNY　could　cover　the　remediation　of　1m3　of　actual　construction　land　with　a　Cr(VI)　concentration　of　80mg/kg,　under　the　relatively　optimum　dosage　(mCr:　mhydrocalumite　=　1:　20).　As　a　new-type　immobilizing　agent　for　Cr-contaminated　soils,　hydrocalumite　is　highly　expected　to　make　contributions　to　the　improvement　of　soil　quality　and　public　health.　©　2021,　Editorial　Board　of　China　Environmental　Science.　All　right　reserved.