An　analytical　solution　is　developed　to　investigate　the　seismic　responses　of　end-bearing　piles　considering　water-pile-soil　interactions.　The　pile　is　assumed　to　have　a　linear　viscoelastic　and　circular　cross-section.　The　soil　and　water　are　modelled　as　linear　viscoelastic　media　and　linear　acoustic　media,　respectively.　The　seismic　responses　of　the　free-field　soil　displacement　under　horizontal　earthquakes　are　first　given.　Neglecting　water-soil　interactions,　analytical　expressions　for　the　impedance　of　the　soil　and　water　media　are　further　derived.　The　pile　displacements　induced　by　horizontal　earthquakes　are　then　obtained　based　on　the　continuity　conditions　of　the　pile　with　soil　and　water.　The　present　solution　is　compared　with　the　substructure　method　to　verify　the　rationality　of　the　present　analytical　solution.　Parametric　analyses　are　finally　conducted　to　investigate　the　effects　of　the　water,　soil,　and　pile　parameters　on　the　seismic　responses　of　the　pile.　The　results　indicate　that　it　is　necessary　to　consider　the　water-pile-soil　interaction　in　the　design　of　piles　installed　in　offshore　areas.　©　2021　Elsevier　Ltd