To　improve　the　anti-aging　ability　of　SBS　modified　bitumen　(SMB),　layered　double　hydroxide　(LDH)　organically　modified　by　hexadecyltrimethoxysilane　was　prepared　and　utilized　for　the　modification　of　SMB.　According　to　X-ray　photoelectron　spectroscopy,　hexadecyltrimethoxysilane　has　been　grafted　into　LDH　through　chemical　bonding.　Compared　with　LDH,　the　hydrophilicity　of　organic　LDH　(OLDH)　was　obviously　reduced,　and　OLDH　possessed　better　dispersibility　and　stability　in　SMB,　because　of　the　decrease　of　hydroxyl　and　the　introduced　organo-functional　groups　on　the　surface　of　LDH.　The　addition　of　OLDH　and　LDH　can　ameliorate　the　high　temperature　behavior　of　SMB,　especially　OLDH.　After　aging,　bitumen　was　oxidized　and　SBS　was　degraded,　which　resulted　in　the　physical　and　rheological　property　deterioration　of　SMB.　LDH　can　alleviate　the　destruction　of　aging　on　the　performance　and　chemical　structure　of　SMB.　Furthermore,　the　improvement　of　LDH　on　the　anti-aging　ability　of　SMB　has　been　further　enhanced　after　hexadecyltrimethoxysilane　organic　modification.　©　The　Royal　Society　of　Chemistry　2021.