(1)　Background:　Public　servants　are　regarded　as　guardians　of　the　public　interest,　and　their　pandemic　response　played　a　vital　role　in　controlling　the　spread　of　the　epidemic.　However,　there　is　limited　knowledge　of　the　factors　that　influence　public　servants＇　response　(PSR)　when　facing　pandemic　prevention　and　control　tasks.　(2)　Methods:　Based　on　the　theory　of　planned　behavior　(TPB),　models　were　constructed　and　a　regression　method　was　employed　with　Chinese　civil　servant　data　to　investigate　how　PSR　is　influenced　by　public　service　motivation　(PSM),　accountability　pressure　(AP),　and　emergency　response　capacity　(ERC).　(3)　Results　and　discussion:　PSM,　AP,　and　ERC　all　have　a　positive　effect　on　PSR,　with　AP　having　the　greatest　influence,　followed　by　PSM　and　ERC.　The　effects　of　PSM,　AP,　and　ERC　on　PSR　have　group　heterogeneity,　which　had　little　effect　on　civil　servants　with　very　low　levels　of　PSR　and　the　greatest　impact　on　civil　servants　with　medium-level　PSR.　Job　categories　of　civil　servants　also　are　a　factor　related　to　PSR;　PSM　and　AP　have　the　strongest　effects　on　civil　servants　in　professional　technology,　and　ERC　has　the　greatest　influence　on　administrative　law　enforcement.　Moreover,　gender,　administrative　level,　and　leadership　positions　also　have　an　impact　on　PSR.　(4)　Conclusions:　Based　on　the　factors　of　PSR,　we　found　at　least　three　important　aspects　that　governments　need　to　consider　in　encouraging　PSR　when　facing　a　pandemic.