Droughts-major　natural　disasters　with　a　complex　development　and　evolution　process-cause　enormous　losses　for　society,　especially　in　the　agriculture　sector.　We　analyzed　the　spatiotemporal　evolution　of　drought　frequency　in　China　at　grid　level　during　1981-2019　with　the　nonparametric　Mann-Kendall　trend　method,　using　a　high　temporal　resolution　vegetation　health　index　dataset　at　week-scale.　Results　suggest　the　that　(1)　after　entering　the　21st　century,　China＇s　drought-affected　area　has　declined,　with　Northeast　China　being　the　least　affected　region　and　Northwest　China　being　the　most　severely　affected;　(2)　the　spatial　pattern　of　drought　characteristics　in　China　is　polarized,　and　the　frequency　of　droughts　has　generally　declined,　with　the　most　prominent　intensity　and　frequency　observed　in　some　urbanized　and　economically　developed　regions;　and　(3)　although　the　changes　to　the　drought　characteristics　and　frequency　in　China　provide　a　generally　optimistic　picture,　drought　intensity　and　frequency　in　some　developed　regions　have　increased　significantly,　and　the　future　trend　predictions　for　these　areas　are　less　positive.　This　study,　focusing　on　the　spatiotemporal　characteristics　and　evolution　of　drought　patterns,　with　the　aim　of　raising　awareness　of　drought　disasters,　can　help　mitigate　and　prevent　the　damage　caused　by　droughts　to　society,　and　can　provide　a　scientific　basis　for　drought　early-warning　systems　and　risk　management　in　China　going　forward.