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Incorporating photocatalysis into benzylic C(sp(3))-H oxidation represents a recent advance of organic synthesis in a sustainable manner. Although photoinduced charge carriers enable the C(sp(3))-H bond to be activated under mild conditions, the reaction scale and activity remain hindered by the photoactivation efficiency. Herein, we present that the 1.0% V2O5@CN photocatalyst, a visible-light-active C3N4- based material, is striking active for the aerobic oxidation of benzylic C(sp(3))-H bonds, affording a conversion rate 11.6 times higher than that of independent CN. The enhanced activity and C(sp(3))-H bond photoactivation, as well as the induction period shortening and active period acceleration, are rationalized by the low-EVB hole injection from V2O5 into CN and the boosted charge separation. The durability and utility are affirmed in multiple catalytic cycles, scalable long-term reactions, and available substrate scopes. Reactive intermediate studies by EPR demonstrate the involvement of (CH2Ph)-C-center dot, O-center dot(2), and (OH)-O-center dot radicals in photoredox catalysis. The mechanism that causes the change of main product species is attributed to the formation of (OH)-O-center dot in the later reaction stage. This work indicates a unique photoactive V2O5@CN catalysis mode, opening up the efficient use of CN in scalable photocatalytic toluene oxidation. (C) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
ISSN: 0021-9517
Year: 2021
Volume: 395
Page: 227-235
8 . 0 4 7
JCR@2021
6 . 5 0 0
JCR@2023
ESI Discipline: CHEMISTRY;
ESI HC Threshold:117
JCR Journal Grade:1
CAS Journal Grade:1
Cited Count:
WoS CC Cited Count: 22
SCOPUS Cited Count: 26
ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All
WanFang Cited Count:
Chinese Cited Count:
30 Days PV: 1
Affiliated Colleges: