In　this　work,　zinc　oxide　(ZnO)　nanoparticles　were　modified　in　a　circulating　fluidized　bed　through　argon　and　hydrogen　(Ar-H)　alternating-current　(AC)　arc　plasma,　which　shows　the　characteristics　of　nonequilibrium　and　equilibrium　plasma　at　the　same　time.　In　addition,　a　circulating　fluidized　bed　with　two　plasma　jets　was　used　for　cyclic　processing.　The　catalytic　degradation　performance　on　Rhodamine　B　(Rh　B)　by　Ar-H　plasma-modified　ZnO　and　pure　ZnO　was　tested　in　aqueous　media　to　identify　the　significant　role　of　hydrogen　atoms　in　Rh　B　degradation　mechanism.　Meanwhile,　the　effects　of　plasma　treatment　time　on　the　morphology,　size　and　photocatalytic　performance　of　ZnO　were　also　investigated.　The　results　demonstrated　that　ZnO　after　120-min　treatment　by　Ar-H　plasma　showed　Rh　B　photocatalytic　degradation　rate　of　20　times　greater　than　that　of　pure　ZnO　and　the　reaction　follows　a　first　kinetics　for　the　Rh　B　degradation　process.　Furthermore,　the　photocatalyst　cycle　experiment　curve　exhibited　that　the　modified　ZnO　still　displays　optimum　photocatalytic　activity　after　five　cycles　of　experiment.　The　improvement　of　photocatalytic　activity　and　luminescence　performance　attributes　to　the　significant　increase　in　the　surface　area,　and　the　introduction　of　hydrogen　atoms　on　the　surface　also　could　enhance　the　time　of　carrier　existence　where　the　hydrogen　atoms　act　as　shallow　donors.