The　crystalline　silicon　nanoparticles　coated　with　an　amorphous　silicon　layer　was　prepared　by　continuously　pyrolysing　the　mixture　of　silane　and　hydrogen　in　a　non-thermal　arc　plasma　reactor.　The　hydrogen　in　the　gas　mixture　effectively　controls　the　thickness　of　the　amorphous　silicon　layer　and　further　improves　the　electrochemical　performance　of　the　silicon　anode.　The　mechanism　of　the　hydrogen　was　investigated　by　experiments.　At　the　same　time,　a　three-component　polymer　binder　was　concocted　and　introduced　to　tolerate　the　volume　expansion　of　silicon　effectively.　Combining　the　silicon　nanoparticles　prepared　at　the　optimal　conditions　with　the　novel　polymer　binder,　the　resulting　silicon　anode　exhibits　excellent　electrochemical　performance　of　2120　mAh　g(-1)　at　400　mA　g(-1)　after　100　cycles.