Two　groups　of　phthalocyanine　(H2Pc)　and　metallophthalocyanines　(MPc)　with　different　molecular　structure　were　introduced　respectively　into　silica　gel　glass　matrix　by　sol-gel　technique.　Homogeneous　composites　were　produced　and　the　optical　limiting　examination　were　carried　out.　The　influence　of　central　ions　and　substilutional　groups　of　doped　H2　PC　and　MPc　on　the　optical　limiting　behavior　of　composites　was　studied.　The　results　show　that　the　optical　limiting　behavior　changes　with　different　central　ions　in　the　sequence　of　H　<　Ni　<　Pb,　which　is　called　central　ion　effect.　Different　substitutional　groups　of　doped　MPc　can　also　greatly　influence　the　composites　optical　limiting　behavior,　which　is　called　substitutional　group　effect.　The　reasons　are　discussed　and　given.