CdS　nanorods　have　been　successfully　decorated　on　the　surface　of　MOF　(metal-organic　framework)　UiO-66(NH2)　via　a　facile　room-temperature　photodeposition　technique　in　a　controlled　manner.　Electrochemical　measurements　indicate　that　the　CdS　photodeposition　proceeds　via　the　preferential　reduction　of　Cd　ions　to　Cd0　followed　by　chemical　reaction　with　S8.　The　photocatalytic　performances　of　the　obtained　CdS-UiO-66(NH2)　nanocomposites　have　been　evaluated　by　selective　oxidation　of　various　alcohol　substrates　using　molecular　oxygen　as　a　benign　oxidant.　The　results　show　that　such　CdS-UiO-66(NH2)　nanocomposites　exhibit　considerable　photocatalytic　activity　and　stability,　which　may　be　due　to　the　large　specific　surface　area　and　the　charge　injection　from　CdS　into　UiO-66(NH2)　leads　to　efficient　and　longer　charge　separation　by　reducing　the　recombination　of　electron-hole　pairs.　This　work　represents　the　first　example　of　using　MOFs　not　only　as　supports　but　also　as　electron　providers　to　trigger　the　reaction　for　coupling　MOFs　with　metal　sulfides,　thus　fabricating　novel　MOF-CdS　nanocomposite　systems　and　improving　their　photocatalytic　activity.　It　is　hoped　that　our　findings　could　offer　useful　information　and　open　a　new　window　for　the　design　of　novel　MOF-semiconductor　nanocomposites　as　efficient　visible　light　driven　photocatalysts.　©　2013　The　Royal　Society　of　Chemistry.