This　communication　describes　the　design　of　a　novel　and　general　bioresponsive　controlled-release　mesoporous　silica　(MS)　nanoparticles　system　based　on　aptamer-target　interactions.　In　this　system,　the　pores　of　MS　were　capped　with　Au　nanoparticles　modified　with　aptamer　(ATP　aptamer　in　this　case).　By　a　competitive　displacement　reaction,　the　Au　nanoparticles　were　uncapped　in　the　presence　of　ATP　molecule,　and　the　cargo　was　released.　Our　results　demonstrated　that　the　aptamer-target　interaction　may　be　a　promising　route　for　the　design　of　custom-made　controlled-release　nanodevices　specifically　governed　by　target　biomolecules.　Since　aptamers　have　been　obtained　for　a　broad　range　of　targets,　including　several　cancer　biomarkers,　we　believe　that　this　aptamer-based　controlled-release　system　should　have　an　equally　broad　spectrum　of　applications.　©　2011　American　Chemical　Society.