Cellulose　is　a　promising　raw　materials　available　and　can　be　modified　through　a　variety　of　chemical　modifications　to　obtain　functional　materials.　Cellulose-g-acrylamide　copolymer　was　prepared　in　a　homogeneous　medium　by　using　N,N＇-methylenebisacrylamide　as　crosslinker　without　any　radical　initiator　under　microwave　radiation.　1-Butyl-3-methylinidazolium　chloride　an　([Bmim]Cl)　ionic　liquid　is　an　environment　friendly　and　effective　reaction　medium,　was　chosen　to　dissolve　cellulose　and　the　homogeneous　graft　polymerization　of　acrylamide　onto　cellulose.　Due　to　the　effect　of　microwave　heating,　the　reaction　time　was　significantly　shorten:　1　min　microwave　heating　was　adequate,　compared　with　0.5-5.0　h,　as　conventional　heating　was　used.　The　influences　of　monomer　concentration,　crosslilnker　dosage,　microwave　power　and　reaction　time　were　investigated　the　obtained　cellulose　graft　copolymer　was　characterized　by　IR　spectrum,　TGA　and　SEM.　A　feasible　reaction　mechanism　of　grafting　based　on　microwave　heating　was　put　forward.