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author:

Zhao, M. (Zhao, M..) [1] | Pan, J.-S. (Pan, J.-S..) [2] | Chen, S.-T. (Chen, S.-T..) [3]

Indexed by:

Scopus

Abstract:

This study aims to present an optimization-based audio watermarking using entropy-based watermarking technique in the wavelet domain. In general, the performance of a watermarking system is measured in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and bit error rate (BER). However, there is a tradeoff between them which issues a challenge in the field of the watermarking. To overcome this challenge, this study first integrates entropy-based embedding technique and SNR into an optimization problem. Because of uncertain service environment for the audio media, an optimization algorithm with less hardware requirement is required to solve this problem. Since both performance index and constraint are nonlinear, the compact particle swarm optimization (cPSO) which suits for embedded system can do this well. In addition, the hidden information can be extracted without knowledge of the original audio. In the experiments, the performance of the proposed method is tested and the results verify the better SNR and the strong robustness against most signal processing or attacks.

Keyword:

CPSO; Entropy; Optimization; Watermarking; Wavelet

Community:

  • [ 1 ] [Zhao, M.]Dempartment of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School, China
  • [ 2 ] [Zhao, M.]Yangtze University, China
  • [ 3 ] [Pan, J.-S.]Dempartment of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School, China
  • [ 4 ] [Pan, J.-S.]College of Information Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University of Technology, China
  • [ 5 ] [Pan, J.-S.]Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
  • [ 6 ] [Pan, J.-S.]University of South Australia, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
  • [ 7 ] [Chen, S.-T.]Department of Mathematics, Tunghai University, Taiwan
  • [ 8 ] [Chen, S.-T.]Department of Electronic Engineering, National Formosa University, Taiwan

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Source :

Journal of Internet Technology

ISSN: 1607-9264

Year: 2015

Issue: 3

Volume: 16

Page: 485-493

0 . 5 3 3

JCR@2015

0 . 9 0 0

JCR@2023

ESI HC Threshold:175

JCR Journal Grade:4

CAS Journal Grade:4

Cited Count:

WoS CC Cited Count:

SCOPUS Cited Count: 16

ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All

WanFang Cited Count:

Chinese Cited Count:

30 Days PV: 2

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