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author:

Li, J. (Li, J..) [1] | Xu, L. (Xu, L..) [2] | Lu, P. (Lu, P..) [3] | Liu, T. (Liu, T..) [4] | Zhuang, Z. (Zhuang, Z..) [5] | Hu, J. (Hu, J..) [6] | Shu, F. (Shu, F..) [7] | Wang, J. (Wang, J..) [8]

Indexed by:

Scopus

Abstract:

The radio frequency (RF) phase shifter with finite quantization bits in analog beamforming (AB) structure forms quantization error (QE) and causes a performance loss of received signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) at the receiver (called Bob). By using the law of large numbers in probability theory, the closed-form expression of the SINR performance loss is derived to be inversely proportional to the square of Sinc (or sin(x)/x) function. Here, a phase alignment method is applied in the directional modulation transmitter with the AB structure. Also, the secrecy rate (SR) expression is derived with the QE. From the numerical simulation results, we find that the SINR performance loss gradually decreases as the number L of quantization bits increases. This loss is less than 0.3 dB when L is larger than or equal to three. As L exceeds five, the SINR performance loss at Bob can be approximately trivial. Similarly, the SR performance loss gradually reduces as L increases. In particular, the SR performance loss is about 0.1 bits/s/Hz for L =3 at signal-to-noise ratio of 15 dB. © 2013 IEEE.

Keyword:

analog beamforming; Directional modulation; quantization error; quantized phase shifter

Community:

  • [ 1 ] [Li, J.]School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
  • [ 2 ] [Xu, L.]School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
  • [ 3 ] [Lu, P.]Zhongxing Telecommunication Equipment Corporation, ShenZheng, 518057, China
  • [ 4 ] [Liu, T.]School of Information and Communication Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211167, China
  • [ 5 ] [Zhuang, Z.]School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
  • [ 6 ] [Hu, J.]College of Physics and Information, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
  • [ 7 ] [Shu, F.]School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
  • [ 8 ] [Wang, J.]School of Engineering and Digital Arts, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NT, United Kingdom

Reprint 's Address:

  • [Hu, J.]College of Physics and Information, Fuzhou UniversityChina

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Source :

IEEE Access

ISSN: 2169-3536

Year: 2019

Volume: 7

Page: 97457-97465

3 . 7 4 5

JCR@2019

3 . 4 0 0

JCR@2023

ESI HC Threshold:150

JCR Journal Grade:1

CAS Journal Grade:2

Cited Count:

WoS CC Cited Count: 0

SCOPUS Cited Count: 9

ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All

WanFang Cited Count:

Chinese Cited Count:

30 Days PV: 4

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