Attributing　to　the　booming　industry,　China　has　made　huge　economic　achievements　during　recent　decades/years.　However,　the　issue　of　energy　and　environment　has　challenged　the　sustainable　development　of　the　industry　a　lot　in　China.　Investigating　the　non-separable　relationship　among　energy,　capital,　and　CO2　emission　under　natural　and　managerial　disposability,　this　paper　proposes　two　hybrid　measure　approaches　to　measure　unified　environmental　efficiency　of　industry　in　China　during　2011–2016.　Besides,　production　efficiency,　emission　efficiency,　damage　to　scale,　and　return　to　scale　of　30　regions　in　China　are　calculated　and　recognized.　The　results　show　that　(1)　unified　environmental　efficiency　of　Chinese　industry　under　natural　disposability　is　higher　than　that　under　managerial　disposability　in　early　few　years,　but　they　are　close　to　each　other　finally.　(2)　Unified　environmental　efficiency　gaps　among　regions　under　natural　disposability　are　wider　than　those　under　managerial　disposability.　Increasing　capital　investment　and　improving　technology　can　help　reduce　efficiency　gaps　among　regions.　(3)　It　is　available　to　increase　production　efficiency　and　reduce　CO2　emission　by　cutting　down　energy　consumption　for　most　regions;　insufficient　capital　investment　and　poor　production　technology　cause　the　decreasing　return　to　scale　and　production　efficiency.　©　2020,　Springer-Verlag　GmbH　Germany,　part　of　Springer　Nature.