Nanomaterials　with　unique　physical　and　biological　properties　have　attracted　increased　attention　for　bio-microimaging　applications.　Among　them,　low-dimensional　nanomaterials　have　quantum　confinement　effect　in　zero,　one,　or　two　dimensions,　which　have　high　specific　surface　area　for　cargo　(such　as　dye)　loading,　anisotropic　optical　properties　for　polarization,　and　enhanced　infrared　absorption　for　efficient　photoluminescence.　In　this　review,　recent　efforts　on　bio-microimaging　of　low-dimensional　nanomaterials,　including　confocal　imaging,　multiphoton　imaging,　Raman　imaging,　and　super-resolution　imaging,　will　be　highlighted.　Bio-microimaging　principle,　respective　advantages　and　bottlenecks,　and　applications　of　low-dimensional　materials　in　various　imaging　technologies　will　be　discussed.　Furthermore,　the　review　will　shed　light　on　the　common　synthetic　methods　of　low-dimensional　nanomaterials.　Finally,　the　classification　and　comparison　of　various　nanomaterials,　including　carbon,　black　phosphorus,　gold,　metal　composites,　and　2D　graphene　analogues　will　also　be　elaborated.　©　2020　Wiley-VCH　GmbH