In　the　present　study,　a　novel　polysaccharide　(THDP-3)　purified　from　cane　leaves　of　Tetrastigma　hemsleyanum　Diels　et　Gilg　was　obtained　via　anion　exchange　chromatography　and　the　structural　analyses　of　the　compound　indicated　that　THDP-3　is　a　homogenous　polysaccharide　with　molecular　weight　of　77.98　kDa.　Our　results　show　that　it　consists　of　rhamnose,　arabinose,　mannose,　glucose　and　galactose　at　molar　ratio　of　1.0:　1.3:　2.5:　2.3:3.1　with　main　backbones　of　→4)-α-D-GalAp-(1→,　→4)-β-D-Galp-(1→　and　→4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→,　and　main　branches　of　β-D-Manp-(1→,　→3,6-β-D-Manp-1→　and　α-D-Araf-(1→.　In　the　anti-diabetic　assays,　THDP-3　showed　significant　hypoglycemic　activity　in　alloxan-induced　diabetic　mice.　In　addition,　THDP-3　was　found　regulating　the　expression　of　glucokinase,　amp-activated　protein　kinase,　glucose-6-phosphatase　and　phosphoenolpyruvate　carboxykinase.　These　new　findings　indicate　the　high　potential　in　therapeutic　mechanisms　investigation　using　THDP-3.　Moreover,　our　results　of　hypoglycemic　activity　using　THDP-3　demonstrated　that　the　compound　could　serve　as　a　potential　anti-diabetic　agent.　©　2018