Aiming　at　the　optimization　design　of　Raman　fiber　amplifier　with　multiple　backward　pumps,　we　combine　the　artificial　bee　colony　algorithm　with　the　average　power　analysis　to　optimize　the　configuration　of　backward　pump　of　Raman　fiber　amplifier.　On　the　basis　of　the　given　gain,　the　optimized　model　is　established　in　order　to　minimize　the　ripple　of　Raman　gain.　The　average　power　analysis　is　utilized　to　solve　Raman　scattering　equations,　and　the　artificial　bee　colony　algorithm　is　employed　to　find　the　optimal　pump　wavelength　and　pump　power.　The　proposed　method　is　used　to　design　the　Raman　fiber　amplifier　at　C　band　and　C+L　band.　The　results　show　that　the　gain　ripple　can　be　controlled　below　±0.4　dB　under　different　net　gain　levels.　Compared　with　the　existing　methods,　the　combination　of　artificial　bee　colony　algorithm　and　average　power　analysis　has　a　good　performance　and　can　obtain　the　flatter　optimization　results,　which　has　certain　practical　value.　©　2018,　Chinese　Lasers　Press.　All　right　reserved.