Lanthanide　borates　containing　post　transition　metal　main　group　elements,　including　Ga(III),　Ge(IV),　Sb(V)　and　Te(VI),　as　well　as　lanthanide　salts　of　the　oxyanions　of　lone　pair　cations,　such　as　I(V),　Se(IV)　and　Te(IV),　were　reviewed.　The　post　transition　metal　main　group　elements　in　lanthanide　borates　adopt　octahedral　or　tetrahedral　geometry　only.　In　the　structure　of　lanthanide　galloborates,　only　octahedral　GaO6　was　found　while　both　octahedral　GeO6　and　tetrahedral　GeO4　appeared　in　borogermanates.　The　fifth　period　elements　Sb(V)　and　Te(VI)　prefer　octahedral　coordination　geometry　in　lanthanide　borates　system.　The　second　groups　introduced　to　lanthanide　oxyanions　of　lone　pairs　are　mainly　focused　on　d0　TM　units,　such　as　WO4　tetrahedron,　VO5　square　pyramid　or　MoO6　octahedron,　and　rigid　tetrahedral　groups　like　sulfate　SO4,　silica　SiO4　or　selenate　SeO4　units.　Divalent　cations　like　Pb(II)　and　magnetic　ions　of　Cu(II)　or　Mn(II)　were　also　included.　The　structure　chemistry　of　lanthanide　ions　in　these　systems　is　rich.　Coordination　numbers　from　six　to　ten　are　discovered,　yielding　a　wide　range　of　coordination　geometries　including　the　pentagonal　bipyramid,　square　antiprism,　metabidiminished　icosahedron,　tricapped　trigonal　prism,　capped　triangular　cupola,　etc.　The　connectivity　modes　between　the　Ln　polyhedra　are　miscellaneous,　from　3D　network,　to　2D　layer,　1D　chain,　tetramer,　trimer,　dimer　and　finally　monomer.　A　number　of　compounds　display　NCS　structures　and　strong　SHG　response,　and　many　lanthanide　compounds　exhibit　good　luminescent　properties　in　visible　and　IR　region.　©　2018　SIOC,　CAS,　Shanghai,　&　WILEY-VCH　Verlag　GmbH　&　Co.　KGaA,　Weinheim