Cloud　and　Shadow　removal　is　a　significant　step　in　remote　sensing　image　process.　As　we　all　know,　the　ground　object　coverage　type　of　the　same　area　of　the　remote　sensing　image　has　little　change　in　the　short　term.　But　for　cloud　and　shadow　coverage　areas,　the　ground　object　coverage　type　has　large　change.　Therefore,　according　to　the　difference　between　the　two　Landsat/OLI　images　caused　by　changes　in　the　cover,　this　paper　presents　a　method　of　extracting　clouds　and　shadows　based　on　differences　in　luminance　values.　This　method　selects　two　thresholds　for　the　difference　of　brightness　values,　and　extracts　the　clouds　and　shadows　respectively,　and　validates　them　with　random　point　method,　which　can　obtain　high　precision　of　extracting　cloud　and　shadow　and　satisfy　the　actual　application　needs.　©　Authors　2017.　CC　BY　4.0　License.