The　thermal　action　of　the　600　m-tall　Canton　Tower　is　investigated　in　this　study　on　the　basis　of　the　comprehensive　long-term　structural　health　monitoring　system　installed　on　the　structure　and　the　numerical　simulation.　The　temperature　difference　between　different　facades　of　the　inner　tube,　the　temperature　difference　profile　of　the　outer　tube,　and　the　distribution　of　the　temperature　difference　between　the　inner　and　outer　tubes　along　the　structural　height　are　presented　in　detail　by　using　the　field　monitoring　and　numberical　heat　transfer　analysis　data.　The　temperature-induced　structural　resposnes　including　displacement,　stress,　and　internal　forces　are　then　obtained　by　using　the　global　finite　element　model　of　the　tower　and　compared　with　the　measurements.　At　last,　the　structural　responses　(stresses　and　displacement)　obtained　from　the　field　monitoring　system　during　a　strong　typhoon　are　presented.　The　purely　typhoon-induced　quasi-static　responses　are　separated　from　the　total　measured　responses　by　subtracting　the　temperature-induced　ones.　It　shows　that　the　typhoon-induced　quasi-static　responses　of　the　supertall　structure　are　slightly　smaller　than　the　temperature-induced　responses　in　a　typical　sunny　day.　©　2017　International　Society　for　Structural　Health　Monitoring　of　Intelligent　Infrastrucure.　All　rights　reserved.