Nanocrystalline　nickel　and　Ni-Fe　alloy　coatings　were　synthesized　by　brush　plating　using　soluble　anode.　The　microstructure　and　thermal　stability　of　nanocrystalline　nickel　and　Ni-Fe　alloy　coatings　were　investigated,　and　the　effects　of　the　factors　influencing　thermal　stability　of　the　brush　plated　nanocrystalline　alloys　was　analysed.　The　experimental　results　indicate　that　the　structure　of　nanocrystalline　Ni-Fe　alloy　is　much　more　stable　than　nanocrystalline　nickel　under　different　annealing　temperature　due　to　the　effect　of　adding　alloying　element.　The　thermal　stability　of　brush　plated　nanocrystalline　alloys　is　closely　related　to　their　crystallographic　texture,　the　impeding　effect　of　adding　alloying　element　on　the　movement　of　grain　boundary,　and　grain　size　distribution.