The　viscoelastic　properties　of　the　wormlike　micellar　solutions　of　2-hydroxyl-propanediyl-α,ω-bis(dimethyldodecylammonium　bromide)　and　2-hydroxyl-propanediyl-α,ω-bis(dimethyltetradecylammonium　bromide),　abbreviated　as　12-3(OH)-12　and　14-3(OH)-14,　respectively,　have　been　investigated　using　steady　state　and　frequency　sweep　rheological　measurements.　For　comparison,　the　wormlike　micellar　solutions　of　propanediyl-α,ω-　bis(dimethyldodecylammonium　bromide)　(referred　to　as　12-3-12)　were　also　examined　on　an　identical　level.　Steady　state　rheological　measurements　revealed　that　at　low　concentrations,　the　zero-shear　viscosity　of　the　12-3(OH)-12　system　was　far　higher　than　that　of　the　12-3-12　system.　From　dynamic　rheological　data,　the　characteristic　parameters　were　drawn　out　using　the　Maxwell　fluid　model　and　the　viscoelastic　rheological　behavior　was　discussed　according　to　the　living　polymer　model　proposed　by　Cates　et　al.　The　results　showed　that　12-3(OH)-12　formed　longer　wormlike　micelles　than　12-3-12.　With　increasing　the　alkyl　tail　length,　14-3(OH)-14　produced　higher　viscoelasticity　than　12-3(OH)-12　and　even　formed　a　gel-like　solid　at　50　mmol　L-1.　These　were　attributed　to　the　role　of　the　intermolecular　hydrogen　bonding　which　occurred　between　the　hydroxyl　substituted　spacers　of　m-3(OH)-m,　where　m　represents　the　number　of　carbon　atoms　in　the　alkyl　tail.　Increase　of　the　alkyl　tail　length　was　favorable　for　enhancement　of　the　hydrogen　bonding　interaction　and　thus　greatly　promoted　the　micellar　growth.　©　2011　The　Royal　Society　of　Chemistry.