Micro-nanoscale　rod-like　copper　(II)　phenanthroline　sulfate　was　synthesized　by　liquid-phase　precipitation　method　using　copper　sulfate　and　1,　10-phenanthroline　(phen)　as　raw　materials.　The　effect　of　pH　value　and　temperature　on　the　morphologies　and　sizes　of　final　products　were　investigated.　The　resultant　products　were　characterized　by　XRD,　SEM,　UV-Vis,　FT-IR,　elemental　analysis　and　photoluminescence　spectrum.　The　results　show　that　pH　value　has　obviously　influenced　the　phases　and　morphologies　of　copper(II)　phenanthroline　sulfate　complex　prepared　at　room　temperature.　When　pH　value　of　CuSO4　solution　equals　to　2.0　and　5.0,　microscale　flower-like　and　long　sheet-like　structures　of　monoclinic　[Cu(phen)(H2O)2]·SO4　are　obtained,　respectively.　When　the　initial　pH　raise　up　to　9.0　and　11.0,　rod-like　structures　of　[Cu(phen)(OH)]2SO4·5H2O　are　synthesized　with　average　diameter　of　about　172　nm　and　253　nm,　respectively.　With　the　initial　pH　of　9.0,　the　diameter　of　rod-like　products　can　decrease　with　the　reduction　of　the　reaction　temperature　from　60°C　to　4°C,　and　the　average　diameter　of　87　nm　can　be　obtained　when　the　reaction　temperature　is　about　4°C.　In　addition,　the　photoluminescence　spectrum　of　sheet-like　[Cu(phen)(H2O)2]·SO4　shows　a　blue　shift　and　an　enhanced　emission　compared　with　that　of　the　nanorod-like　[Cu(phen)(OH)]2SO4·5H2O.